Incubating and chicken-raising apparatus.



L. BOND.

INCUBATING AND CHICKEN RAISING APPARATUS.

APPLlCATION FILED MAY 23. 1914 1,227,377. Patented May 22, 1917.

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APPLICATION FILED MAY 2 3| 19|4 1,227,377, Patented May 22, 1917.

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L. BOND.

INCUBATING AND CHICKEN RAISING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 23. I9I4 1,227,377. Patented May 22,1917.

3 SHEETSSHEET -3- LEONARD BOND, OF GLOSSOP, ENGLAND.

INCUBATING AND CHICKEN-RAISING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 22, 191 '7.

Application filed May 23, 1914. Serial No. 840,491.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEONARD BOND, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Glossop, in the county of Derby, in the Kingdom of England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Incubating and Chicken-Raising Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to incubators of the type comprising a nursery chamber (with an outside run) for the smaller chicks, namely those recently hatched by the incubator, and where their growth is promoted, and an incubating chamber mounted thereon, a hot water circulator at the upper part and air ventilating inlets at the lower part of each chamber, and an evaporating pan in the incubating chamber by which the requisite degree of saturation of the atmosphere surrounding and in contact with the eggs is effected.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a vertical section of my menbating and chicken raising apparatus; and

Fig. 2, a sectional plan view of the incubating chamber.

Fig. 3 is an end view of my incubating and chicken raising apparatus, and Fig. 4 a front elevation thereof.

Fig. 5 is diagrammatic View of the heatmg system.

In these figures, l is the cool brooding chamber provided with an outside run 2 for protecting the chicks reared without a hen. On the top of this chamber 1, I place a chamber 3 for the smaller chicks, namely those that have been recently hatched by the incubator, and where their growth is promoted, this chamber 3 being also provided with an outside run 1 and with a draft excluding curtain 5 between. This is slit at intervals to facilitate the chicks pushing aside any of the sections, and not having to push aside the whole length. A window 32 is provided above the curtain to draw the chicks attention to the location of the curtain, and give them the necessary light. The chambers 1 and 3 and their runs 2 and 4 have hinged doors 37 and 38 in front, extending the full width of said chambers and runs, so that when thrown wide open the floors 39 and 40 can be slid out at front for cleaning purposes, and replaced. Above the chamber 3 I place the incubating chamber 6 where the eggs are artificially hatched in the shelf or tray 7. This incubating chamber 6 is surrounded at the top, sides and bottom with heat insulation 8, and at the top has a ventilating shaft 9 with the damper 10 actuated in the usual way by a thermostat 11 which operates by the unequal dilation. by heat of different metals. The ventilating shaft 9 is carried down into the chamber 6, and has a perforated extension 9 which is arranged telescopically. The nursery chamber 3 has also heat insulation 8 at the sides. Outside these chambers is the boiler or calorifier l2 heated by a lamp or burner, the fumes from which are carried away by a small chimneyl3 attached to the boiler. A pipe 1 1 from this boiler rises to the top of, and passes into, the incubator 6. In order to enable the pipe to give out a more nearly uniform degree of heat throughout its length, and thus insure that the heat shall be more uniform for the whole incubator, I arrange two pipes 15, 16 one within the boundary of the other and both following approximately the internal shape of the incubating chamber 6, which in the drawing is shown rectangular. These are placed in a horizontal position at the top of the incubating chamber above the tray 7 and they are connected together by a short pipe 17 The pipe 14 from the boiler joins the inner of these two rectangular pipes at 18 and the flow of the water bifurcating at 18, flows in two streams around the chamber. The increase in bulk of the water by heating, helps it to bifurcate into two streams and aid circulation. The flow meeting again at, and passing through, the connecting pipe 17, flows in two streams through the outer of these pipes 16 back in the opposite direction around the chamber to the outlet pipes 19. The advantage of the arrangement is, that the water goes around the chamber in two streams, one stream making two half circuits, and the other stream two half circuits, and consequently the water does not have so far to travel be cause it is short circuited at 17 Hence the" difference of temperature of the water entering at 14 and passing away at 19 is less marked, than is the case with an ordinary coil, and yet the dilference is enough to establish circulation.

The pipes 19 pass down to the top of the chamber 3 where they join pipes placed in a horizontal position inside the said chamber at the top, and arranged similar to the pipes and 16, except that the hot water enters the outer of the two pipes first, and returns through the inner pipe back to the boiler through a pipe as shown in Fig. 5. The chamber or nursery 3 is for the smaller chicks that have recently been hatched by the incubator. It will thus be seen that the incubator takes the heat first and is kept at the uniform warmth which is so desirable for the successful incubation of the eggs, and then the nursery chamber 3 takes the heat afterward. In this chamber 3, the hot water also goes around in two streams, each stream making two half circuits. Consequently the water has only to pass through the two chambers and (5 substantially the same distance it has hitherto had to pass through one chamber, when the ordinary convoluted coil was used. Hence only the same amount of heat is used to heat two chambers, as it has hitherto taken to heat one, with a coil of the convoluted type. 21 are holes for the admission of fresh air into the lower part of the nursery chamber 3. Below the shelf or egg tray 7 and above the bottom of the incubator, there is provided an evaporating pan containing water, inlet ventilation holes 2&- for fresh air leading into a space or chamber 23 below this tray, while at the bot-tom of said chamber 23 a suitable aperture 25 is provided, opening from the nursery chamber 3 into the spa ce 23 to enable "arm air to rise from the nursery chamber into said space 23. The fresh air from the outside entering said space through the holes 2%, mixes with the warm carbon dioxid entering said space through the aperture Q5, and rises through a. stand-pipe 26 which passing through the pan, is provided with a bafile ll above its top, so that the air is deflected downward onto the water in the evaporating pan 22. In order to further assist in the saturation of the air, said pan 22 is provided with a reticulated cover 27 above the battle 41, said cover 27 also acting as a bafile, and the saturated air is delivered through this gauze or reticulated cover and through the perforations 28 in the protecting board above, into the incubating chamber 6, and thus the air cannot enter said incubator without being brought into actual contact with the water in the pan. The requisite hygrometric condition of the atmosphere surrounding and in contact with the eggs in the tray 2 is thus obtained.

The thinner and more brittle the shell, the more easily can the chick extricate itself, and as carbon dioxid in the presence of water causes the decomposition of the egg-shell, setting free particles of lime, the mixing chamber 23, with its inlet from the nursery chamber and its outlet to the incubator, has a double object, namely, the keeping of the nursery chamber 3 free from the carbon dioxid and the delivery of warm moist air containing carbon dioxid into the incubating chamber 6.

The young chicks in the nursery chamber 3 and the in the incubating chamber 6 are, by means of the hot water circulator, warmed from above as usual, just as they are under the mother, and the heat in the upper part of said incubating chamber is regulated by the telescopically-arranged tubular extension 9". The heated air, of course, rises to the top of the chamber 6, while the lower portion is kept cooler by the inlet air-holes. Consequently, if the extension 9 be slid down toward the egg-tray. such extension acts to bathe the outflow of the upper warm air stratum to some extent, because the main exit of the heated air to the ventilating shaft 9 is through the open bottom of the extension 9 where the air is cooler, and only the surplus heat finds a vent through it and the perforations. Consequently, the exit of heated air is baflled to some extent, and the heat becomes more completely diil'used throughout the chamber. 11, however, the telescopic extension he slid upward into the 'aised position, the upper heated stratum of air will more readily find a vent through the ventilating shaft 9, and consequently the heat will be less completely diffused in the chamber 6. The cool brooder 1 can also, if desired, be heated in cold weather by a hotwater circulator at the upper part. The cool brooder in cold weather can also if desired be heated, but at other times this is not as a 1 rule necessary. The boiler is kept filled against any leakage by a reserve tank 29, which is connected to the boiler by a pipe 30. 33, 33 are exhaust pipes from the middle or highest point of the circuit, whose upper or open ends discharge into the tank 29. These form an automatic vent for steam, air, water or general overflow. 3% is a tap to enable the attendant to test the water level. A draw oli' tap 31 is provided for draining the water system, this tap being at the extreme lowest point of the circuit.

The boiler 12 is by preference upright or vertical with a water; space at the sides (as well as at the top) surrounding the heating space 36. The return pipe 20 passes through or under the water space 35 to the center of the heating space 36, then by means of cross pipes joins the water space 35. in this way the water returning to the boiler is directly reheated by the flame in or below the heating space 36.

in important feature of the invention is this, that the water flows comparatively rapidly through the pipes 11-, 17, 19 and 20, but less rapidly through the pipes 15 and 16. This is due to the pipes 17, 19 and 20 acting as throttles, which retard the too rapid passage oi hot water through the pipes 15 and 1(3 and thus insure that the con'iparatively slow passage of hot water through these pipes 15 and 16, shall radiate the required heat into the chambers. The pipes 15 and 16 in the chamber 6, are of rather larger size than the corresponding pipes in the chamber 3, so that the former will have a proportionally larger heat radiating surface than the latter. Hence when the heat given off by the pipes in the chamber 6 say 104 is such as to hatch the eggs, the heat given off by the pipes in the chamber below will be in the ratio required for the rearing of the chicks say The invention has been specially designed for artificially hatching eggs, without the aid of a hen and rearing the chicks up to the age of six weeks.

I declare that what I claim is 1-. A combined incubating and chickenraising apparatus, comprising in combination a nursery chamber; an incubating chamber mounted thereon; an egg-tray located in said incubating chamber, said chamber having air ventilating inlets or openings at the lower portion thereof, one or more of said openings communicating with the nursery chamber; a hot-water circulator at the upper part of each chamber; an evaporating pan resting on support-s below the egg tray in but above the bottom of the incubating chamber; and a stand-pipe passing through the pan and having a battle at thetop, whereby warm air which rises from the nursery chamber through the opening formed therein will pass into the space below the evaporating pan, thence through said stand-pipe, and be deflected downwardly by the baffle into the evaporating pan.

2. In a combined incubating and chicken raising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, an incubating chamber mounted thereon, and an evaporating pan in said incubating chamber; of an air mixing chamber located between the evaporating pan and the nursery chamber, having holes for the admission thereinto of fresh air from the outside and warm air from the nursery chamber; and exit apertures for discharging such air from the mixing chamber into the incubating chamber.

3. In a combined incubator and chickenraising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, an incubating chamber mounted thereon and having openings, as 24, formed in the sides thereof, an egg tray located in said incubating chamber, an evaporating pan also located in the incubating chamber, below the egg tray and above the bottom of the incubating chamber, said nursery chamber having an opening, as 25, in its upper portion and communicating with the space below the evaporating pan, whereby a mixing chamber is provided be low said evaporating pan, and a stand pipe passing through the pan, said pipe being provided with a baflie at its top and in open communication at its lower end with the mixing chamber aforesaid; of a reticulated cover above the bafiie to insure the air passing up said stand pipe and, before being delivered into the incubating chamber, through suitable openings therein, being saturated with water in the pan.

4. In a combined incubating and chickenraising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, and an incubating chamber mounted thereon; of hot-water pipes following approximately the internal shape of each chamber and arranged one within the boundary of the other; pipes connecting the outermost hot water pipes of the upper and lower pairs; a short connecting pipe for 6s tablishing communication between the pipes; a boiler; a flow pipe from the boiler joining one of said hot-water pipes; and an outlet leading back to the boiler from another of said hot-water pipes.

5. In a combined incubating and chickenraising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, and an incubating chamber; of hot-water circulating pipes arranged one within the boundary of the other and placed in horizontal tiers one above the other in. the respective chambers; a boiler; flow and return pipes connecting the boiler to a pipe in each tier respectively; a pipe for joining the tiers of pipes together; and con necting pipes for short-circuiting the pipes in each tier.

6. In a combined incubating and chickenraising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, and an incubating chamber; of hot-water circulating pipes 15, 16, arranged one within the boundary of the other and placed in horizontal tiers one above the other in the respective chambers; a boiler; a single pipe 14: leading from the boiler to the inner pipe of the upper tier; short-circuiting pipes 17 for joining the inner pipe to the outer pipe of each tier; pipes 19 for joining the outer pipe of the upper tier to the outer pipe of the lower tier; and a pipe 20 for joining the inner pipe of the lower tier to the boiler in such manner that the pipes 17, 19 and 20 act as throttles, to retard the too-rapid passage of the water through the circulating pipes 15, 16, and-insure the comparatively slow passage of the water through the same.

7. In a combined incubator and chickenraising apparatus, the combination with a nursery chamber, an incubating chamber mounted thereon, an egg tray located in said incubating chamber, an evaporating pan also located in the incubating chamber below the egg tray, and a stand-pipe passing through the pan in open communication at its lower end with the nursery chamber; of an exit ventilating shaft in the roof of said incubating chamber, and a perforated, telescopi- 13o eally-arranged extension thereof, the upper end whereof is open, projecting into said chamber, said perforated extension being adjustable so that if slid downward toward the egg tray such extension will bafile the outflow of the upper stratum of warm air to a certain extent, whereby the heat will be more completely diffused throughout the chamber, while if moved upwardly into the i0 raised position, the upper, hot-air stratum will more readily find a vent and the heat will be less completely diffused in the chamber.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name this 16th day of May, 1914, 15 in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LEONARD BOND.

Witnesses G. C. DYMOND, L. S. SI-IILLINGTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. 0." 

